The Correlation between TCF7L2 (rs12255372) Polymorphism and the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Iraqi Patients

الملخص

Type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic condition characterized by hyperglycemia, resulting from insulin resistance or inadequate insulin secretion. Polymorphisms in the transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene demonstrate a significant correlation with T2DM among many ethnic populations. This study sought to assess the association between the TCF7L2 rs12255372 (G/T) polymorphism and the susceptibility to T2DM within a sample of the Iraqi population. The PCR-RFLP method was employed to investigate the TCF7L2 gene polymorphism in (50) T2DM patients and (25) healthy persons. All samples were obtained from the local community in Wasit province, Iraq.  The results revealed substantial differences in rs12255372 genotypic and allele frequencies between patients and the control group (P < 0.05), with a heightened frequency of the G allele in patients (OR = 11.37, 95% CI 3.99–32.4, p = 0.0000021). The results suggest a possible association of the TCF7L2 rs12255372 (G>T) polymorphism with genetic susceptibility to T2DM, indicating that bearers of the G allele in the Iraqi population may have an elevated risk of disease onset.